Sexually transmitted disease (STD) is a term used to
describe more than 20 different infections that are transmitted through
exchange of semen, blood, and other bodyfluids; or by direct contact with the
affected body areas of people with STDs. Sexually transmitted diseases are also
called venereal diseases. Young women are most at risk of developing STDs.
Almost all STDs exhibit no or similar symptoms, rendering clinical diagnosis
difficult and unreliable in most cases.
In recent years however, the advancement in diagnostic testing has been
tremendous, especially at the molecular level of disease. As such, laboratory
investigations are key in the definitive diagnosis of STDs.
What are the symptoms of STDs?
-
Burning sensation
in the urethra or pain when urinating
-
Sores, bumps,
rashes, warts or blisters in the genital or anal area
-
Itching, pain,
redness or swelling in the genital area
-
Abnormal discharge
from the vagina or penis
-
Pain in the pelvic
or abdominal area
-
Pain, soreness or
discomfort during intercourse, or bleeding after intercourse
-
Persistent vaginal
yeast infections
-
Yellowing of the
eyes and skin (jaundice)
What Can You Do to Prevent STDs?
-
If you are a
sexually active person, have regular checkups for STDs
-
Have a sexual relationship with one
uninfected partner
-
Correctly and
consistently use a male condom
-
Avoid having
sexual intercourse during menstruation
-
Avoid anal
intercourse, or use a male condom
-
Delay having
sexual relations as long as possible.
The younger people are when having sex
for the first time, the more susceptible they become to developing an STD.
The risk of acquiring an STD also increases with the number of partners
over a lifetime
As a parent or
teacher, educate teenagers on safe sexual behaviors
What should you do if diagnosed with STDs?
- Be treated to
reduce the risk of transmitting an STD to another person
- If breast feeding
,discuss with a doctor the possible risk of transmission in breast milk and
whether commercial formula should be substituted.
- Notify all recent
sex partners and urge them to get a checkup
- Follow the
doctor's orders and complete the full course of medication prescribed.
- Follow-up with a test to ensure that the infection has been cured
- Avoid all sexual
activity while being treated for an STD