Description
In humans, the Hemoglobin molecule is an assembly of four globular protein subunits. Each subunit is composed of a protein chain tightly associated with a non-protein haem group. In adult humans, the most common Hemoglobin type is a tetramer (which contains 4 subunit proteins) called Haemoglobin A, consisting of two α and two β subunits that are non-covalently bound. OxyHaemoglobin is formed during respiration when oxygen binds to the haem component of the protein Haemoglobin in red blood cells. This process occurs in the pulmonary capillaries adjacent to the alveoli of the lungs. The oxygen then travels through the blood stream to be dropped off at cells where it is utilised in aerobic glycolysis and in the production of ATP by the process of oxidative phosphorylation. DeoxyHaemoglobin is the form of Haemoglobin without the bound oxygen.
Indications
The measurement of Haemoglobin concentration is among the most commonly performed blood tests, usually as part of a complete blood count. The test is useful for evaluating anaemia, blood loss, haemolysis and polycythaemia. Accuracy of result, in particular serial assessment, may be influenced by hydration, prolonged tourniquet application or clots in the sample.
Sample Type, Quantity & Conditions
1 ml EDTA Whole Blood Room Temperature
Special Precautions
Normal Range
Male: >15 years: 14.0 - 18.0 g/dL 140-180 g/L Female: >15 years: 12.0 - 16.0 g/dL 120-160 g/L 3 months - 3 years: 9.5 - 14.5 g/dL 95-145 g/L 4 years - 9 years: 11.1 - 15.7 g/dL 111-157 g/L 10 years - 15 years: 11.1 - 15.7 g/dL 111-157 g/L 1 day - 2 months: 12.0 - 18.0 g/dL 120-180 g/L
