Hemoglobin, Total

In most humans, the Hemoglobin molecule is an assembly of four globular protein subunits. Each subunit is composed of a protein chain tightly associated with a non-protein haem group. In adult humans, the most common Hemoglobin type is a tetramer (which contains 4 subunit proteins) called Hemoglobin A, consisting of two α and two β subunits that are non-covalently bound.
Hemosiderin, Spot Urine Hemosiderin is composed of iron oxide and can accumulate in different
organs in various diseases. Iron is required by many of the chemical reactions in the body but is toxic when not properly contained. Hemosiderin often forms after bleeding (hemorrhage) into an organ. Presence of hemosiderin in urine indicates a significant amount of circulating free Hemoglobin that has been filtered by the kidney. OxyHemoglobin is formed during respiration when oxygen binds to the haem component of the protein Hemoglobin in red blood cells. This process occurs in the pulmonary capillaries adjacent to the alveoli of the lungs. The oxygen then travels through the blood stream to be dropped off at cells where it is utilised in aerobic glycolysis and in the production
of ATP by the process of oxidative phosphorylation. DeoxyHemoglobin is the form of Hemoglobin without the bound oxygen.

The measurement of Hemoglobin concentration is among the most commonly performed blood tests, usually as part of a complete blood count. The test is useful for evaluating anemia, blood loss, hemolysis and polycythaemia. Accuracy of result, in particular serial assessment, may be influenced by hydration, prolonged tourniquet application or clots in the sample.

1 ml EDTA Whole Blood Room Temperature

Male: >15 years: 14.0 - 18.0 g/dL 140-180 g/L Female: >15 years: 12.0 - 16.0 g/dL 120-160 g/L 3 months - 3 years: 9.5 - 14.5 g/dL 95-145 g/L 4 years - 9 years: 11.1 - 15.7 g/dL 111-157 g/L 10 years - 15 years: 11.1 - 15.7 g/dL 111-157 g/L 1 day - 2 months: 12.0 - 18.0 g/dL 120-180 g/L