Blood Calcium Test: Its Importance and Use

The human body requires many vitamins and minerals to function efficiently and effectively. These compounds are nutrients obtained from food and water, which the body uses in vital biochemical processes that support health and proper performance. Minerals are inorganic substances that the body requires in small amounts and are divided into two categories: major minerals and trace minerals. Trace minerals are essential but needed in very small quantities; examples include iron, zinc, and iodine. Major minerals, on the other hand, are required in larger amounts, such as calcium and magnesium.

 

Calcium is one of the most important minerals the body needs, both in terms of abundance and significance. It is a primary component of bone tissue and teeth, aids muscle contraction and relaxation, making it essential for movement. It also helps regulate heart rhythm, plays a key role in nerve signal transmission and blood clotting, and helps maintain a balanced stomach acidity. Because calcium is involved in these critical and sensitive functions necessary for a healthy life, any imbalance in its levels, whether too high or too low, can have a significant impact on an individual’s health.

 

For this reason, undergoing a blood calcium test becomes important when an imbalance is suspected. In this article, we will discuss the blood calcium test and its uses.

What is the Blood Calcium Test?

Before discussing this test, it’s important to understand that calcium in the body exists in two forms: calcium stored in the bones and calcium present in the blood (either bound to albumin or in its free ionized form). The test is a routine procedure that requires a blood sample to measure both the bound and free forms of calcium in the blood, providing a clear picture of the necessary levels of this mineral for the proper functioning of the body, as described earlier.

Why Do I Need a Blood Test to Measure Calcium Levels?

The importance of the test lies in the significance of the mineral itself; a calcium test can provide answers to many health-related questions. It can give insight into the health of bones and teeth, as calcium is a primary component of both. Any deficiency will affect their health. Additionally, it can reveal the efficiency of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, which regulate blood calcium levels, as well as potential kidney issues. Slightly elevated calcium levels in the blood may indicate the presence of crystals in the urine or kidney stones. Furthermore, it can detect cancers and liver problems and is also used to monitor certain conditions, especially in patients regularly taking medications like diuretics.

What Are the Causes of High Blood Calcium Levels?

High calcium levels in the blood can lead to several issues, such as weak bones and teeth, as well as kidney stones. This increase is often attributed to an imbalance in parathyroid hormone levels, as these hormones are primarily responsible for regulating blood calcium levels. Additionally, certain types of cancers, medications, and improper use of dietary supplements can lead to elevated calcium levels on blood tests.

Symptoms of High Calcium Levels in the Blood

The symptoms depend on the affected organ, and usually include:

• Excessive thirst and urination
• Gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation and fatigue
• General tiredness and pain in muscles and bones
• Difficulty concentrating, exhaustion, and sometimes depression
• Heart palpitations

What Are the Causes of Low Calcium Levels in the Blood?

Low blood calcium levels are associated with serious problems, including parathyroid gland dysfunction, kidney failure, vitamin D and magnesium deficiencies, pancreatic problems, and certain genetic mutations, such as DiGeorge syndrome. Additionally, some medications may decrease calcium levels, which is why it’s important to consult your doctor and undergo periodic testing.

Symptoms of Low Calcium Levels in the Blood

• Involuntary painful muscle contractions
• Dry skin and brittle nails
• May lead to problems with concentration, memory, mood swings, and sometimes depression
• In advanced cases, it can lead to seizures
• Heart rhythm disturbances and may lead to heart muscle failure

How to Maintain Healthy Calcium Levels

From the above, we can conclude that maintaining normal calcium levels is essential for many vital functions, and any imbalance can significantly affect various organs and cause disturbing symptoms that may even threaten the ability to live a normal life. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the factors that help maintain normal blood levels of this mineral.

 

• Consume calcium-rich foods, such as dairy products, leafy vegetables, and calcium-fortified products.
• Ensure adequate vitamin D intake by getting sufficient sun exposure or taking dietary supplements, but under medical supervision, as excess vitamin D can have the opposite effect.
• Maintain a balanced diet with moderate amounts of sodium and protein.
• Avoid excessive caffeine consumption.
• Pay attention to magnesium levels.
• Avoid stress.
• Use calcium supplements as needed under medical supervision.