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Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is a crucial nutrient that supports many vital functions in the body, including red blood cell production and maintaining a healthy nervous system. However, many people may unknowingly suffer from a deficiency due to poor absorption or dietary restrictions. Left unchecked, a lack of vitamin B12 can lead to serious health issues; this guide will help you understand them and everything related to B12 deficiency. 

What Is Vitamin B12?

Vitamin B12 is very important for overall wellness; it supports the proper functioning of nerve cells and the production of red blood cells. It is also essential for DNA synthesis and contributes to growth and development, particularly in children.

This vital nutrient is predominantly found in animal-based foods such as meat, eggs, and dairy, while plant-based sources lack vitamin B12. Although the body’s daily requirement for B12 is relatively small, even a minor deficiency can lead to significant health issues, making it important to ensure adequate intake.

Causes Of Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Vitamin B12 deficiency can arise due to various factors, including:

  • Inability To Absorb B12 From Food

This is often due to underlying stomach or intestinal disorders that interfere with absorption.

  • Exclusion Of Animal Foods

Individuals who follow a strict vegetarian or vegan diet are more at risk, as animal products are a primary source of vitamin B12.

B12 Deficiency Symptoms

Symptoms include:

  • Fatigue
  • Weakness
  • Nausea
  • Breathlessness
  • Poor resistance to infection
  • Loss of appetite
  • Weight loss

Prolonged deficiency can also lead to neurological changes such as numbness and tingling in the hands and feet.

What Blood Tests Are Available To Determine Vitamin B12 Deficiency?

  • Vitamin B12 levels
  • Intrinsic Factor Blocking Antibodies
  • Parietal Cell Antibodies

Treatment And Prevention

Early detection of vitamin deficiency is critical in preventing long-term damage. Treatment typically involves vitamin B12 injections, which can effectively reverse symptoms and restore healthy vitamin levels. In some cases, high-dose oral supplements may be recommended. It’s essential to consult a physician for proper diagnosis and personalized treatment options.

Who May Need A Vitamin B12 Supplement To Prevent A Deficiency?

  • Individuals with pernicious anemia
  • Individuals with gastrointestinal disorders
  • Elderly Individuals
  • Vegetarians

What Food Is Recommended In Case Of Vitamin B12 Deficiency?

Sources of vitamin B12 include:

  • Fish
  • Red Meat
  • Poultry
  • Eggs, milk & dairy products
  • Cereals fortified with Vitamin B12

Complications of B12 Deficiency

If not treated, the B12 deficiency will cause some complications, such as:

  • Anemia

A common result of B12 deficiency.

  • Nerve Damage

If untreated, prolonged deficiency can lead to nerve degeneration and irreversible neurological damage.

  • Dementia

Severe deficiency may contribute to cognitive decline and dementia.

  • Cardiovascular Risk

B12 deficiency is also a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

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